PARANEOPLASTIC SYNDROMES IN DOMESTIC CATS   2000w

A closer look at…Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Domestic Cats

Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNSs) are changes (anatomical, structural, or functional) caused by certain malignant tumors. Some feline PNSs are frequent, whereas others are rare. Most commonly, PNSs are associated with generalized clinical signs involving areas distant to the primary tumor. Classification of PNSs is often based on the anatomical location affected. Although more common in older cats, PNSs are not overrepresented in specific breeds or gender. PNSs are important for several reasons. Firstly, PNSs are often the first indicator an animal has cancer. Secondly, some PNSs are specific to particular tumor types, thus they can aid in diagnosis or monitoring of the cancer.

Since PNSs can cause more serious symptoms than the tumor, prompt diagnosis and treatment initiation is important. In cases where PNSs are apparent, management includes supportive care and treatment of the primary tumor. Animals can be affected with multiple PNSs at the same time, so a thorough physical exam and detailed history are essential. Owners’ primary complaints do not always indicate cancer or a PNS exists. Therefore, as veterinary nurses, we can help the veterinarian and patient immensely by asking owners supplementary questions and making fewer assumptions about the pet, no matter why they originally present to the veterinary hospital.

Gastrointestinal PNSs

Gastrointestinal related PNSs are common in cats. Cachexia and anorexia both result in malnutrition and wasting of the patient, however, by different mechanisms. Anorexia is cau