BUSINESS LAW

930 WD

Private Members’ Bills are Public Bills introduced by MPs and Lords who aren’t government ministers. As with other Public Bills their purpose is to change the law as it applies to the general population. A minority of Private Members’ Bills becomes law but, by creating publicity an issue, they may affect legislation indirectly.

Like other Public Bills, private Member’s Bills can be introduced in either House and must go through the same set stages. However, as less time is allocated to these Bills, it’s likely they will proceed through all stages.

A Bill is a proposal for a new law, or proposal to change an existing law, presented for debate before Parliament.

To introduce a Bill a Member needs to provide its short title (by which is known) and its long title (which describes briefly what it does). Complete texts are not necessary and some Private Members’ Bills are never published in full.

There are four ways of introducing Private Members’ Bills in the House of Commons: the Ballot, the Ten Minute Rule, Presentation and Private Members’ Bill from the Lords.

Q2. Mokhtar v Arumugam (1959) M.L.J 232

The above case is taken from a local journal. Discuss the characteristics of the above case.

In the above case mention, Mokhtar is Plaintiff and Arumugam is the Defendant.

A plaintiff is a person who starts the lawsuit and the person or entity against whom the case is brought is called the defendant.

Unlike a criminal case, in which the central question is whether the offender is